The formation and harm of axial force during motor operation_Wolong Nanyang Explosion-proof Motor, China Motor Manufacturer

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The formation and harm of axial force during motor operation

source：未知 time：2024-07-04 09:15nbsp; click：

When the stator winding of a three-phase AC synchronous motor or an asynchronous motor (hereinafter referred to as a three-phase AC motor) is connected to the power supply, a rotating magnetic field is generated. Therefore, for an asynchronous motor, an induced current is generated in the rotor due to electromagnetic induction; while for a synchronous motor, an excitation current needs to be applied to the rotor. The motor rotor is magnetized, generating electromagnetic attraction and rotating. After the excitation is applied, the synchronous motor rotates at the synchronous speed; the rotation of the asynchronous motor generates slip.

The generation of the attraction of the rotating magnetic field of the motor is due to the shortest characteristic of the magnetic lines of force. The electromagnetic force makes the motor run on the electromagnetic center line, that is, the electromagnetic forces of the motor stator and rotor act in the radial direction, so that they are balanced with each other, and no axial magnetic force is generated.

Why does the motor generate axial force during operation?

● When the motor rotor fan is running at no load, the axial force generated by the flow of cooling air.

● Due to factors such as the manufacturing process and the assembly error of the motor, the mechanical center line of the stator and the rotor is offset from the electromagnetic center line of the motor, generating an axial force.

● In order to reduce the influence of tooth harmonics in the design, the stator or rotor is made into a skewed slot structure. Therefore, when the load is running, the electromagnetic force forces the rotor to deviate to one end and generates an axial force.

●The electromagnetic centerline of the motor is the reference line for the motor shaft to dock with the driven mechanical equipment coupling. However, since there is no electromagnetic centerline mark in the design and manufacture of the motor, the installation of the motor and the coupling docking are based on the installation drawings provided in the random documents. The calibration size is based on the designed mechanical center.

In this way, the motor will inevitably be offset in actual operation due to the misalignment of the mechanical centerline and the electromagnetic centerline, that is, the error in the installation of the motor and the docking of the coupling, resulting in axial force. The direction of the axial force is a push or pull axial force for the driven mechanical equipment, which causes damage to the bearings or the entire machine of the motor and the driven mechanical equipment.

For the increased safety type synchronous motor without auxiliary excitation, there are more factors. Therefore, from the perspective of process manufacturing and processing, the quality of the punching is improved; the burrs of the punching are reduced; the process discipline of the number of laminations and the lamination pressure is strictly followed to ensure the length of the stator and rotor cores; the errors of human installation and assembly are eliminated. At the same time, the technical workers of the enterprise are required to have high technical quality and fine assembly skills, which is the process guarantee for reducing the axial force. In addition, the designer must be proficient in the processing and manufacturing process and the product assembly process, and comprehensively consider the size and direction of the axial force generated by the inherent factors such as the direction of the motor, the fan layout, and the direction of the chute in the structural design, so that they can offset each other or reduce to the minimum. At the same time, the product assembly technical workers are required to participate in the initial debugging experiment after the product assembly.

In the debugging experiment, it is more important to require the inspection technicians to adjust the displacement value and direction of the rotor position during the prototype trial assembly experiment based on the actual offset data between the motor center line and the electromagnetic center tested in the no-load and load tests, and require the assembly process to adjust the displacement value and displacement direction of the rotor position.

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